World Lung Day: Why respiratory health matters more than ever

Sept. 25, 2024, 12:23 p.m.

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September 25, Wednesday, marks World Lung Day, a critical reminder of the importance of lung health globally. As essential organs responsible for delivering oxygen to every cell in the body, the rising prevalence of lung health issues demands urgent action from health advocates. Despite medical advancements, many individuals remain affected by chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and lung cancer - all conditions that are often preventable yet continue to cause harm.

The 2017 Global Burden of Diseases Report revealed that India has one of the highest rates of chronic respiratory diseases, accounting for 15.69 per cent of global cases and 30.28 per cent of worldwide deaths. India also leads in the number of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) cases, with 55.23 million affected, and ranks second in COPD-related deaths, with nearly 0.85 million.

Air pollution significantly increases the risk of chronic respiratory conditions such as COPD, asthma, respiratory infections, and lung cancer. Each day, millions are exposed to harmful levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) from sources like vehicle emissions and industrial pollutants. Poor air quality worsens asthma and COPD symptoms, while also raising the risk of pneumonia and lung cancer.

Tobacco use remains a major health concern in India, with over 267 million users. Smoking is a primary cause of respiratory diseases. The harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke damage the airways and weaken lung function, resulting in nearly 1.2 to 1.3 million deaths per year across the country.

Editor's Picks 1 World Lung Cancer Day 2024: From early signs to treatment options and the need for accessible healthcare 2 Doctor explains: Why lung cancer rates are increasing among women and youth To tackle this issue, key steps include raising awareness and promoting lung health education. Crucial measures involve reducing emissions from vehicles and industries, encouraging cleaner energy sources, and supporting sustainable farming practices to minimize crop burning. Effective tobacco cessation programs, offering both counselling and medication support, are essential for successful intervention. Public health campaigns should prioritize educating younger generations about the dangers of smoking and vaping.

In observance of World Lung Day, we delve into the workings of these vital organs and explore the best ways to maintain their health.